During ejaculation and deposition in the female genital tract, spermatozoa are transported by seminal plasma, a mix from secretions from the epididymis, the prostate, the seminal vesicle and the bulbo-urethral glands. In recent years, proteins, both in the seminal plasma and on the sperm surface, have focused interest for the discovery of fertility markers. Global proteomic studies of seminal plasma over the last 15 years have revealed their hitherto unknown diversity and complexity. This review will summarize recent data on the sperm protein markers from seminal plasma origin with a focus on the pig species.